Building components (roof types, doors/windows, stairs)

Design roofs, doors, windows, and stairs as reusable components that connect, scale, and read correctly in perspective.

What it is

You treat architectural parts as reusable components. You understand how stairs, windows, doors, and roofs sit, connect to walls and floors, and vary in shape and size. You can draw them as simple forms before adding detail.

You can rough out gable, hip, flat, and shed roofs. You show how each meets the walls and add overhangs, gutters, and chimneys. Doors and windows include frames, sills, and thickness. They align with floors and repeat across a facade in an organized rhythm.

You understand the parts of stairs: treads, the surfaces you stand on, risers, the vertical sections, landings, and railings. You can plan straight, L-shaped, U-shaped, and spiral stairs between floors. You can turn, scale, and combine these components in perspective while preserving their basic function and identity.

Why it matters

Consistent building components help you keep architectural designs usable and believable. Weak control can produce doors that are too small, windows that float on walls, stairs that miss the next floor, or roofs that do not cover the interior. Strong component design also supports faster iteration and more controlled perspective.

You can check it when

✓Sketch at least 3 distinct roof types and show how each connects to the walls and covers the interior volume.
✓Draw doors and windows with frames, thickness, and consistent heights that align with the building’s interior floors.
✓Design a stair connecting 2 levels with a believable number of steps, appropriate landings, and railings that follow its path.
✓Rotate these components through corner, low-angle, and high-angle views while preserving their structure and use.

Building components (roof types, doors/windows, stairs)

What it is

Why it matters

You can check it when

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